Protests erupted in the Venezuelan capital the day after President Nicolás Maduro claimed he had won.
The opposition has disputed Maduro's declaration of victory as fraudulent, saying its candidate Edmundo González won convincingly with 73.2% of the vote.
Opposition parties had united behind González in an attempt to unseat President Maduro after 11 years in power, amid widespread discontent over the country's economic crisis.
A number of Western and Latin American countries, as well as international bodies including the UN, have called on the Venezuelan authorities to release voting records from individual polling stations.
Diplomats from six other Latin American countries - Chile, Costa Rica, Panama, Peru, the Dominican Republic and Uruguay - have also been withdrawn for what Foreign Affairs Minister Yvan Gil described on social media as "interventionist actions and statements".